Umenzi wexabiso eliLungileyo i-Ammonium Chloride CAS: 12125-02-9

I-Ammonium chloride, (ibakala lemizi-mveliso) i-Ammonium chloride (ebizwa ngokuba yi-"chloramine", ekwaziwa njengesanti ye-halogen, i-chemical formula: NH4Cl) yi-cubic crystal engenambala okanye i-crystalline powder emhlophe.Inencasa inetyuwa kwaye iyakrakra kwaye iyeyetyuwa yeasidi.Ubuninzi bayo obusondeleyo yi-1.527.Iyanyibilika emanzini, i-ethanol kunye ne-ammonia engamanzi kodwa ayinyibiliki kwi-acetone kunye ne-ether.Isisombululo se-aqueous sibuthathaka, kwaye i-asidi yayo iphuculwe ngelixa ifudumeza.Xa ishushu kwi-100 ° C, iqala ukuguquguquka kakhulu, kwaye xa ishushu ukuya kwi-337.8 ° C, iya kuhlukana ibe yi-ammonia kunye ne-hydrogen chloride, ethi, ekuvezweni okubandayo, iya kuphinda idibanise ukuvelisa amasuntswana amancinci e-ammonium chloride kunye nomsi omhlophe. oko akulula ukutshona kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukunyibilika emanzini.Xa ifudunyezwa kwi-350 ° C, iya kuthoba kwaye xa i-520 ° C, iya kubila.Ukufunxa ukufuma kwayo kuncinci, kwaye kwimozulu emanzi yemvula inokufunxa ukufuma kwikeyiki.Kwizinyithi ezinentsimbi kunye nezinye iintsimbi, i-corrosion, ethi, ngokukodwa, inomhlwa omkhulu wobhedu kodwa akukho ntsimbi yehagu.I-ammonium chloride inokufumaneka kwi-neutralization reaction ye-ammonia kunye ne-hydrogen chloride okanye i-ammonia kunye ne-hydrochloric acid (i-reaction equation: NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl).Xa ishushu, iya kubola ibe yihydrogen chloride kunye neammonia reaction (inxaki: NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl) kwaye ukusabela kusekunene kuphela ukuba isikhongozeli sivuliwe inkqubo.
I-ammonium chloride isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiibhetri ezomileyo, iibhetri zokugcina, iityuwa ze-ammonium, i-tanning, i-plating, amayeza, ukufota, i-electrode, i-adhesives, njl.Sisichumisi esineasidi yendalo kwaye ilungele ingqolowa, irayisi, umbona, imbewu yerape kunye nezinye izityalo.Ineziphumo zokuphucula ukomelela kwefayibha kunye noxinzelelo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho ngakumbi kwizityalo zomqhaphu kunye nelinen.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobume be-ammonium chloride, ukuba isicelo asilungile, siya kuzisa imiphumo emibi kumhlaba kunye nezityalo.
Iimeko zobugcisa: ukuphunyezwa kweRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina umgangatho wesizwe we-GB-2946-82.
1. Imbonakalo: ikristale emhlophe
2. umxholo we-ammonium chloride (isiseko esomileyo) ≥ 99.3%
3. isiqulatho sokufuma ≤1.0%
4. umxholo we-sodium chloride (isiseko esomileyo) ≤0.2%
5. umxholo wentsimbi ≤0.001%
6. umxholo wentsimbi enzima (ngokwePb) ≤0.0005%
7. isiqulatho samanzi esinganyibilikiyo ≤0.02%
8. umxholo we-sulfate (ngokwemiqathango ye-SO42-) ≤0.02%
9. pH: 4.2-5.8
I-ammonium chloride isetyenziswa njenge-thickener kunye ne-additive in non-alcoholic toners.Ngokutsho kwe-cosmetic formulators, i-ammonium component inika ukubetha okanye ukubetha kwemvakalelo abanye abantu abadibanisa ne-toners okanye i-aftershaves, kwaye leyo, kwiitoni eziqhelekileyo, idla ngokunikezelwa ngumxholo wotywala.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ammonium chloride sisiphumo sokukhetha kwimvakalelo yokwakheka.
I-Ammonium Chloride sisilungisi sentlama kunye nokutya kwegwele ekhoyo njengeekristale ezingenambala okanye umgubo omhlophe wekristale.malunga ne-30–38 g inyibilika emanzini kwi-25°c.iph yesisombululo se-1% ku-25°c yi-5.2.isetyenziswa njengento yokomeleza intlama kunye nencasa yencasa kwizinto ezibhakiweyo nanjengomthombo wenitrogen wokuvubela kwegwele.iyasetyenziswa nakwiziqholo nakwizinto zobumnandi.elinye igama letyuwa yi-ammonium muriate.
Iikristale ezimhlophe ezenziwe ngeetyuwa ze-ammonia ezisebenza kwi-hydrochloric acid elandelwa yicrystallization.I-ammonium chloride ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-sal ammoniac.Inyibilika emanzini kunye notywala, i-ammonium chloride yayisetyenziswa njenge-halide kwiinkqubo ezininzi, kubandakanywa nephepha elinetyuwa, iphepha le-albuben, i-albulen opaltype, kunye neenkqubo ze-gelatin emulsion.