I-Sodium Bicarbonate, ifomula yemolekyuli yi-NAHCO₃，yikhompawundi engaphiliyo, enomgubo omhlophe wekristale, ongenavumba, onetyuwa, kulula ukuyinyibilikisa emanzini. Ibola kancinci emoyeni ofumileyo okanye emoyeni oshushu, ivelise ikharbon dioxide, kwaye ifudumale ukuya kuthi ga kwi-270 ° C ibole ngokupheleleyo. Xa ineasidi, ibola kakhulu, ivelise ikharbon dioxide.
I-sodium bicarbonate isetyenziswa kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kuhlalutyo lwekhemistri, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezingaphiliyo, imveliso yemizi-mveliso, imveliso yezolimo kunye neyokufuya izilwanyana.
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo:i-sodium bicarbonateyikristale emhlophe, okanye iikristale ze-monocliplative ezingabonakali kakuhle ziikristale ezincinci, ezingenavumba, zinetyuwa encinci kwaye zipholile, kwaye zinyibilika lula emanzini nakwi-glycerin, kwaye azinyibiliki kwi-ethanol. Ukunyibilika emanzini yi-7.8g (18℃), 16.0g (60℃), ubuninzi yi-2.20g/cm3, umlinganiselo yi-2.208, isalathisi sokuchasana yi-α: 1.465; β: 1.498; γ: 1.504, i-entropy eqhelekileyo yi-24.4J/(mol · K), ivelisa ubushushu yi-229.3kj/mol, ubushushu obunyibilikisiweyo yi-4.33kj/mol, kunye nomthamo oshushu (Cp) 20.89J/(mol·°C)(22°C).
Iimpawu zekhemikhali:
1. I-asidi kunye ne-alkaline
Isisombululo samanzi se-sodium bicarbonate sibuthathaka kakhulu ngenxa ye-hydrolysis: I-HCO3-+H2O⇌H2CO3+OH-, ixabiso le-pH yesisombululo samanzi esingu-0.8% yi-8.3.
2. Yenza i-asidi
I-sodium bicarbonate inokusabela kwi-asidi, efana ne-sodium bicarbonate kunye ne-hydrochloride: nahco3+HCL = NaCl+CO2 ↑+H2O.
3. Impendulo kwi-alkali
I-sodium bicarbonate inokusabela kunye ne-alkali. Umzekelo, i-sodium bicarbonate kunye ne-sodium hydroxide reaction: nahco3+naOh = Na2CO3+H2O; kunye ne-calcium hydroxide reactions, ukuba ubungakanani be-sodium sodium bicarbonate buphelele, kukho: 2NAHCO3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+NA2CO3+2H2O;
Ukuba kukho inani elincinci le-sodium bicarbonate, kukho: Nahco3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+Naoh+H2O.
4. Ukusabela kwityuwa
A. I-sodium bicarbonate inokuyiphinda kabini i-hydrolysis nge-aluminium chloride kunye ne-aluminium chloride, kwaye ivelise i-aluminium hydroxide, ityuwa ye-sodium kunye ne-carbon dioxide.
3AHCO3+AlCl3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3ACL+3CO2 ↑; 3AHCO3+Al (CLO3) 3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3AClo3+3CO2 ↑.
B. I-sodium bicarbonate inokusabela kwizisombululo ezithile zetyuwa yesinyithi, ezifana nezi: 2HCO3-+Mg2+= CO2 ↑+MgCo3 ↓+H2O.
5. Ukubola bubushushu
Uhlobo lwe-sodium bicarbonate luzinzile kubushushu, kwaye kulula ukuliqhekeza. Libola ngokukhawuleza xa lingaphezulu kwama-50 ° C. Kwi-270 ° C, ikharbon dioxide ilahleka ngokupheleleyo. Akukho tshintsho emoyeni owomileyo kwaye libola kancinci kancinci emoyeni ofumileyo. Ukubola I-equation yempendulo: 2NAHCO3NA2CO3+CO2 ↑+H2O.
Intsimi yesicelo:
1. Ukusetyenziswa kwelebhu
I-sodium bicarbonateIsetyenziswa njengee-reagents zohlalutyo kwaye ikwasetyenziswa nakwi-inorganic synthesis. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela isisombululo se-sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate buffer. Xa wongeza inani elincinci le-asidi okanye i-alkali, inokugcina uxinzelelo lwee-ion ze-hydrogen ngaphandle kotshintsho olukhulu, olunokugcina ixabiso le-pH yenkqubo lizinzile.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso
I-sodium bicarbonate ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izicimi-mlilo ze-pH kunye nezicimi-mlilo ze-foam, kwaye i-sodium bicarbonate kwishishini lerabha ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa irabha kunye nesiponji. I-sodium bicarbonate kwishishini le-metallurgical ingasetyenziselwa njenge-arhente yokunyibilikisa yokwenza ii-ingots zentsimbi. I-sodium bicarbonate kwishishini loomatshini ingasetyenziselwa njengomncedisi wokubumba isanti yentsimbi ephothiweyo (iisandwich). I-sodium bicarbonate kwishishini lokuprinta nokudaya ingasetyenziselwa njenge-arhente yokulungisa imibala, i-acid-base buffer, kunye ne-arhente yonyango lokudaya ngelaphu ekuprinteni imibala; ukongeza i-soda kudayi kunokuthintela i-gauze kwi-gauze. Ukuthintela.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kokulungisa ukutya
Kwinkqubo yokutya, i-sodium bicarbonate yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvelisa iibhisikithi kunye nesonka. Umbala utyheli-mdaka. Yi-carbon dioxide kwisiselo sesoda; ingadityaniswa ne-alum ukuya kwi-alkaline fermented powder, okanye ingenziwa ngee-citromes njenge-civil stone alkali; kodwa ikwasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokugcina ibhotolo. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-agent yokufaka imibala kwiziqhamo nakwimifuno ekucutshungulweni kwemifuno. Ukongeza malunga ne-0.1% ukuya kwi-0.2% ye-sodium bicarbonate xa uhlamba iziqhamo nemifuno kunokugcina uluhlaza. Xa i-sodium bicarbonate isetyenziswa njenge-arhente yonyango lweziqhamo nemifuno, inokunyusa ixabiso le-pH yeziqhamo nemifuno ngokupheka iziqhamo nemifuno, enokunyusa ixabiso le-pH yeziqhamo nemifuno, iphucule ukubamba amanzi kwiproteni, ikhuthaze ukuthamba kweeseli zezicubu zokutya, kwaye inyibilikise izinto ezibangela ukurhawuzelelwa. Ukongeza, kukho impembelelo kubisi lwebhokhwe, ngokusetyenziswa okuncinci kwe-0.001% ~ 0.002%.
4. Ezolimo kunye nokufuya izilwanyana
I-sodium bicarbonateingasetyenziselwa ukufunxa kwezolimo, kwaye ingenza nokungabikho komxholo we-lysine kwisondlo. I-sodium bicarbonate enyibilikayo emanzini amancinci okanye ixutywe kwi-concentrate ukuze yondle inyama yenkomo (ubungakanani obufanelekileyo) ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwenyama yenkomo. Ingakwandisa kakhulu imveliso yobisi lweenkomo zobisi.
5. Ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango
I-sodium bicarbonate ingasetyenziswa njengezinto ezisetyenziswa kumayeza, ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-asidi egqithisileyo esiswini, ubuthi be-metabolic acid, kwaye zinokuphinda zibe nomchamo we-alkaline ukuthintela amatye e-uric acid. Inganciphisa ubuthi bezintso beziyobisi ze-sulfa, kwaye ithintele i-hemoglobin ekufakweni kwi-renal tubular xa i-hemolysis ibukhali, kwaye inyange iimpawu ezibangelwa yi-asidi egqithisileyo esiswini; ukufakelwa ngemithambo yegazi akujoliswanga ngokukodwa kwityhefu yeziyobisi. Isiphumo sonyango. Intloko ebuhlungu eqhubekayo, ukungabi namdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, njl.
Inqaku lokugcina kunye nokuthuthwa: I-Sodium bicarbonate ayisiyongozi, kodwa kufuneka ithintelwe ekufuma. Gcina kwitanki yomoya eyomileyo. Musa ukuyixuba ne-asidi. I-baking soda etyiwayo akufuneki ixutywe nezinto ezinobuthi ukuthintela ungcoliseko.
Ukupakisha: 25KG/INGXOWA
Ixesha leposi: Matshi 17-2023