I-Skyrocketing 700%! Ezi khemikhali zise-odolweni kude kube ngu-2030!

Ngo-2022, echatshazelwa zizinto ezifana nobhubhane wasekhaya kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwamanye amazwe, imfuno yeekhemikhali yoxinzelelo lwexesha elifutshane, kwaye abavelisi basekhaya banoxinzelelo olungaphantsi koluhlu lwempahla kwixesha elifutshane. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuphazamiseka kwemeko yamazwe ngamazwe kuqhubele phambili ukusebenza okuphezulu kwamaxabiso amakhulu amandla, okubangele uxinzelelo oluthile kwixabiso elinyukayo. Kukho umahluko ocacileyo. Ezinye izinto zilungisiwe kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, amaxabiso ezinye iimveliso anyuke ngama-700%, kwaye indawo yemarike iqhubekile nokukhula. Sijonge phambili ku-2023, liphi ithuba?

I-700% inyuswe kwisithuba seminyaka emibini, ii-odolo zezinto eziluhlaza zicwangciselwe unyaka ozayo

I-LithiumHi-ydroxide: abavelisi abaninzi abasezantsi bafumene imveliso

Phantsi kwemeko yemarike yokungabikho kobonelelo nemfuno engqongqo, i-lithium hydroxide yafunyanwa ngabavelisi abasezantsi.

I-Yahua Group ibhengeze ukuba inkampani engaphantsi kwenkampani i-Yahua Lithium (Ya'an) kunye ne-SK's Aisi Kai New Energy (Shanghai) batyikitye isivumelwano sokubonelela nge-lithium hydroxide ekumgangatho webhetri. I-Ya'an Lithium iqinisekisa ukuba ukususela ngo-2023 ukuya ku-2025, ibonelela ngeemveliso ezivela kwi-Aisi, kunye nobonelelo olupheleleyo lweetoni ezingama-20,000 ukuya kuma-30,000.

I-Aiscai ikwasayine "iSivumelwano sokuThengisa (2023-2025)" kunye neTianyi Lithium kunye neSichuan Tianhua sokuthengisa iimveliso ze-lithium hydroxide ezikumgangatho webhetri kwi-Aiskai ukususela ngo-2023, apho isivumelwano sibonelela ngokuhanjiswa okufanayo inyanga nenyanga kunye nokuthunyelwa konyaka okungadluli kwisixa-mali esivunyiweyo kwisivumelwano (ngaphakathi kwe-±10%).

Ukongeza kwiinkampani zebhetri, iinkampani zeemoto nazo zikhuphisana nge-lithium hydrogen oxide. IMercedes-Benz ibhengeze isivumelwano neCanada-Germany Rock Tech Lithium. Ngokomyinge, eyokuqala iza kuthenga iitoni ezili-10,000 ze-lithium hydroxide ekumgangatho webhetri ukusuka kweyokugqibela minyaka le, ngesikali sentengiselwano se-1.5 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. I-GM kunye ne-LIG New Energy kunye neLithium Technology Company iLivent zisayine isivumelwano seminyaka emininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo eziphambili zokwenza iibhetri zezithuthi zombane. Phakathi kwazo, iLivent iza kubonelela nge-lithium hydroxide ekumgangatho webhetri kwiGeneral Motors kwiminyaka emi-6 ukususela ngo-2025.

Ngokwembono yedatha yemarike, idibene nenkqubela phambili yophuhliso lwangoku lwezixhobo ze-lithium ezisezantsi, ukwakhiwa kwamashishini okucubungula ityuwa ye-lithium, kunye nokwandiswa kwamashishini amatsha asezantsi, ukunikezelwa kunye nemfuno ye-lithium hydroxide kusekwimeko entle, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke kude kube ngu-2023.

I-PVDF: Ixabiso linyuke ngokuphindwe kasixhenxe, kunzima ukulizalisa ngenxa yokungabikho kwemveliso

Njengoko imakethi esezantsi iqhubeka nokufudumala, umsantsa wokubonelela kunye nemfuno ye-PVDF yebhetri ye-lithium uyaqhubeka nokwanda, kwaye amandla okuvelisa izinto eziluhlaza i-R142B agqithisile, kwaye unikezelo lwemakethi lubi kakhulu. Ixabiso lemakethi le-PVDF yebhetri ye-lithium linyuke laya kwi-700,000 yuan/ton, eliphantse liphindwe kasixhenxe xa lithelekiswa nexabiso lasekuqaleni kuka-2021.

Ngenxa yomthamo omncinci wemveliso yePVDF yeebhetri ze-lithium eTshayina, kunye nomthamo oqhelekileyo wemveliso yePVDF awunakuguqulwa ube yiPVDF yebhetri ye-lithium ngexesha elifutshane, ukwakhiwa kwezinto eziluhlaza i-R142B kulawulwa ngokungqongqo kwaye kwandiswa kancinci, okubangela ukukhululwa kancinci komthamo wemveliso yePVDF yebhetri ye-lithium yasekhaya. Kunzima ukuyihlawulela. Njengoko kusanda ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, imakethi yePVDF ngo-2022 kulindeleke ukuba igcine imeko yokuchuma ephezulu, ixhase amaxabiso ePVDF, kwaye incede iinkampani zePVDF ukuba zonyuse ngakumbi ukusebenza kwazo konyaka.

I-PVP: Umhla wokuhanjiswa kwezinye iimveliso uza kumiselwa emgceni ukuya kutsho ngoJanuwari

Phantsi kwengxaki yeendawo kunye nengxaki yamandla, amandla emveliso yeenkampani ezinkulu zeekhemikhali zaseYurophu ayehla, ii-odolo zeenkampani zasekhaya ziye zanda, kwaye abantu abafanelekileyo abavela kubavelisi bePVP basekhaya bathi "iimveliso ezinxulumene nePVP zenkampani zinomqolo omkhulu, kwaye ixesha lokuhanjiswa kwezinye iimveliso libekwe kude kube nguJanuwari ozayo."

Imithombo efanelekileyo yomvelisi we-PVP ithi amandla emveliso ye-PVP yangoku yabavelisi baseYurophu ehlile kakhulu, kwaye inani elikhulu lee-odolo zaphesheya ziqalile ukutshintshela kumashishini asekhaya. Okwangoku, inkampani ine-backlog yeetoni eziphantse zibe yi-1000 zeemveliso ze-PVP, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwezinye iimveliso kucwangciselwe ukuphela konyaka okanye kwanoJanuwari wonyaka ozayo.

Ishishini le-Photovoltaic: Bhukisha i-odolo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2030

I-Daqo Energy ityikitye isivumelwano sokuThenga nomthengi. Kuvunyelwene kwisivumelwano ukuba umthengi kulindeleke ukuba athenge iitoni ezili-148,800 zeebhloko zokuhlamba zasimahla ze-Sun-level first-grade ezivela kwi-Daqo Energy ukususela ngoJanuwari 2023 ukuya kuDisemba 2027, kwaye isixa esiqikelelweyo sokuthenga yi-45.086 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. Ukususela ngo-2022, i-Daqo Energy ityikitye izivumelwano ezinkulu ezisibhozo ezimalunga ne-370 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.

I-Longji Green Energy kunye neenkampani zayo ezingaphantsi ezisithoba zisayine isivumelwano sokuthenga izinto ze-polysilicon esithatha ixesha elide kunye nenkampani engaphantsi kweDaqo Energy, i-Inner Mongolia, iDaqo New Energy. Ngokwesivumelwano, ubungakanani bentengiselwano yezinto ze-polysilicon phakathi kwamaqela amabini ukususela ngoMeyi 2023 ukuya kuDisemba 2027 yayiziitoni ezingama-25.128 ezigidi. Isixa-mali sesi sivumelwano sipheleleyo simalunga ne-67.156 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.

I-Shuangliang Silicon Materials (Baotou) Co., LTD., inkampani ephethwe ngokupheleleyo yi-Shuangliang Energy Saving Co., Ltd. isayine iSivumelwano sokuThenga nokuNika iPolysilicon namaqela afanelekileyo. Kuvunyelwene kwesi sivumelwano ukuba i-Shuangliang Silicon Materials (Baotou) Co., Ltd. kulindeleke ukuba ithenge iitoni ezili-155,300 zezinto ze-polysilicon ukususela ngo-2022 ukuya ku-2027, kunye nesixa-mali sokuthenga esiqikelelweyo se-RMB 47.056 yeebhiliyoni.

Okwangoku, ishishini laseTshayina le-photovoltaic lisabonisa umkhwa omhle wophuhliso. Kwikota ezintathu zokuqala, izinga lokukhula kweshishini le-photovoltaic lidlula i-100%, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweshishini le-photovoltaic kudlula i-40 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, kunye nokukhula konyaka nonyaka okuphantse kube yi-100%. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, inani leenkampani ze-silicon ezidwelisiweyo ziye zavakalisa rhoqo izibhengezo ezinkulu zekhontrakthi, kwaye zityikitye ii-odolo zokuthengisa ze-silicon ezingaphezu kwe-10 zexesha elide, ubungakanani bazo buphela budlula iitoni ezi-3 zezigidi kwaye isixa sidlula i-800 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan. Malunga ne-92% yemveliso yeshishini le-silicon ngo-2022 ivalwe ngamashishini asezantsi, kwaye ezinye izivumelwano zexesha elide zisayinwe kude kube ngu-2030.

Kulindeleke ukuba kuvele iindlela ezintsha ezifana nezixhobo ezintsha kunye nokubuyiselwa kwemfuno ngo-2023.

Okwangoku, ishishini leekhemikhali liyatshintsha ukusuka kwimveliso enkulu ukuya kwimveliso esemgangathweni ophezulu. Kuvele izixhobo ezintsha ezinamazinga aphantsi okungena kumashishini aseTshayina, kwaye izixhobo ezintsha ezifana nezixhobo zesilicon, ibhetri ye-lithium, i-POE, kunye nezixhobo ezintsha ziyakhawuleziswa. Kwangaxeshanye, imfuno esezantsi ivulwa kancinci kancinci. Impembelelo yobhubhane ngo-2023 iye yancipha kancinci kancinci, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba imfuno ikhawulezise amathuba otyalo-mali lwendlela entsha.

Okwangoku, amaxabiso eekhemikhali ezinkulu ehlile kwaye asezantsi. Ukusukela nge-2 kaDisemba, i-Chinese Chemical Product Price Index (CCPI) ivale ngamanqaku angama-4,819, ukwehla kwe-7.86% ukusuka kuma-5230 amanqaku ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka.

Sikholelwa ukuba uqoqosho lwehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba lukhule ngokuthe chu ngo-2023, ingakumbi uqoqosho lwasekhaya kulindeleke ukuba luzise umjikelo omtsha wokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Inkokeli yoshishino iya kufikelela ekukhuleni kokusebenza kwinqanaba lokulungiswa kwemfuno. Ukongeza, iindlela ezintsha ezifana nezixhobo ezintsha kunye nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ziye zanda. Khawulezisa ukukhululwa. Ngo-2023, sigxile kwiindidi ezintathu zeemveliso:

(1) Ibhayoloji yokwenziwa: Kwimvelaphi yokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni, izinto ezisekwe kwifosili zinokujongana nefuthe elibi, izinto zebhayoloji ziya kungenisa inguqu enkulu kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kunye neenzuzo zeendleko. Usetyenziso olukhulu kwezinye iinkalo, ibhayoloji yokwenziwa, njengendlela entsha yemveliso, kulindeleke ukuba ingenise ixesha elimnandi, kwaye imfuno yemarike kulindeleke ukuba ivuleke kancinci kancinci.

(2) Izixhobo ezintsha: Ukubaluleka kokhuseleko lwekhonkco lobonelelo ngeekhemikhali kugxininisa ngakumbi, ukusekwa kwenkqubo yemizi-mveliso ezimeleyo nelawulekayo kusondele, ezinye izixhobo ezintsha kulindeleke ukuba zikhawulezise ukuphunyezwa kokutshintshwa kwekhaya, ezifana nesihluzo semolekyuli kunye ne-catalyst esebenza kakuhle, izixhobo zokufunxa i-aluminium, ii-aerogels, izixhobo zokugquma i-electrode engalunganga kunye nezinye izixhobo ezintsha zokungena kunye nesabelo semarike ziya kwanda kancinci kancinci, umkhondo omtsha wezinto kulindeleke ukuba ukhawulezise ukukhula.

(3) Ukutyhilwa kwezindlu kunye neemfuno zabathengi: Ngokukhutshwa kukarhulumente kwemiqondiso yokukhulula imakethi yezindlu kunye nokwenza ngcono icebo lokuthintela nokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubhubhane, ukuphuculwa okuncinci kwemigaqo-nkqubo yezindlu, ukuchuma kokusetyenziswa kunye nochungechunge lwezindlu kulindeleke ukuba kulungiswe, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iimveliso zeekhemikhali zezindlu kunye nochungechunge lwabathengi zizuze.