Umoya wasentwasahlobo ufudumele, kwaye yonke into iyabuyiselwa. Amasimi kunye neendawo zokugcina izityalo zibonisa indawo exakekileyo yentwasahlobo ekhutheleyo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Njengoko imozulu ishushu, imveliso yezolimo iphucukile ukusuka emazantsi ukuya emantla, kwaye ixesha eliphezulu lesichumisi se-phosphate nalo lifikile. “Nangona ixesha lesichumisi lilibaziseka kulo nyaka, izinga lokusebenza kweshishini lesichumisi se-phosphate linyuke kakhulu emva koMnyhadala weNtwasahlobo. Ukunikezelwa kwesichumisi se-phosphate esigciniweyo kuqinisekisiwe, esinokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokulima nokusetyenziswa kwentwasahlobo Kwimeko yolondolozo ngokubanzi, ixabiso lesichumisi se-phosphate ngexesha lokulima kwentwasahlobo liya kuhlala lihamba kakuhle.
Isiqinisekiso sokubonelela ngamandla kunye nemfuno
Emva koMnyhadala weNtwasahlobo, ngenxa yemfuno enzima yemarike yokulima yasentwasahlobo, kwaqala enye emva kwenye, kunye nokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe wokuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kunye namaxabiso azinzileyo, izinga lokusebenza lilonke leshishini lesichumisi se-phosphate laqhubeka linyuka, kwaye imveliso yanda kancinci kancinci. “Nangona amanye amashishini edibene nobunzima ekuthengweni kwe-phosphate ore, uninzi lwawo lunezibaso ezaneleyo eziluhlaza ezifana ne-phosphate ore, i-sulfur kunye ne-synthetic ammonia, kunye nemveliso eqhelekileyo yezityalo. Izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla lilonke le-monoammonium phosphate kunye neshishini le-diammonium phosphate liphantse libe yi-70%.” “Utshilo uWang Ying.
Ubuninzi be-monoammonium phosphate kunye ne-diammonium phosphate eTshayina buyinto embi kakhulu, ngoko ke nangona kukho inani elikhulu lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe minyaka le, kusenokuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwasekhaya. Okwangoku, ishishini lesichumiso se-phosphate kwizinga lokusebenza alifikeleli kwi-80% yemeko, kungekuphela nje ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zasekhaya, kodwa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, ngoko ke akukho ngxaki kubonelelo lwezolimo lwasentwasahlobo.
Ngokutsho kukaLi Hui, umlawuli weZiko loLwazi lweSichumisi saseTshayina, uxwebhu olusandula ukukhutshwa lweCentral Document No. 1 lukhankanye kwakhona ingxaki yokhuseleko lokutya kunye nemveliso ezinzileyo kunye nokwanda kwemveliso, nto leyo evuselele umdla wabalimi wokutyala, ngaloo ndlela iphucula iimfuno zeemveliso zezolimo ezifana nesichumisi se-phosphate. Ukongeza, ukwanda kwenani lesichumisi esitsha kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kwesichumisi esitsha esisekelwe kwisichumisi esikhutshwayo esicothayo, isichumisi se-nitro compound, isichumisi esinyibilikayo emanzini, isichumisi seentsholongwane kunye nesichumisi sephakheji, njl.njl., kukwakhuthaze ukukhula kwemfuno yesichumisi se-phosphate ukuya kwinqanaba elithile.
“NgoFebruwari, umyinge wempahla yeenkampani ze-cyclopylodium-phosphate yayimalunga neetoni ezingama-69,000, ukwanda kwe-118.92% ngonyaka; umyinge wempahla yeshishini elinye le-ammonium-phosphate yayimalunga neetoni ezingama-83,800, ukunyuka kwe-4.09% ngonyaka.” Phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo opheleleyo wexabiso eliqinisekisiweyo likarhulumente, kulindeleke ukuba ukunikezelwa kwesichumiso sokulima entwasahlobo kwimarike yesichumiso se-phosphate kulindeleke ukuba kuqinisekiswe.
Amaxabiso azinzile kwaye ayaphucuka
Okwangoku, imakethi yokuvuselela i-phosphorus ikwixesha eliphezulu lokulima entwasahlobo. Eli lizwe liqalise uthotho lwemigaqo-nkqubo yozinzo lokubonelela, kwaye ixabiso lesichumiso se-phosphate kulindeleke ukuba libuye kwakhona.
“Ixabiso le-phosphorus ore linyuke rhoqo, ixabiso lesalfure linyuka, i-ammonia engamanzi izinzile kwaye ilungile, kwaye izinto ezibanzi zikhuthaza inkxaso yenkxaso yeendleko zesichumisi se-phosphate.” utshilo uQiao Liying.
UWang Fuguang uhlalutye ukuba ukunikezelwa kwemithombo ye-phosphorus ore yasekhaya kuncinci, uluhlu lwezinto ezikhoyo luphantsi, kwaye inani lamashishini lanele. Lilonke, ngenxa yokuqina kwemithombo ye-phosphate ore, ukunikezelwa kwemarike kuyaqina, kwaye ixabiso le-phosphate ore yexesha elifutshane lisaqhubeka liphezulu.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba iYangtze River port granular yellow mainstream inikezela nge-1300 yuan (ixabiso leetoni, elifana nelingezantsi), xa kuthelekiswa nokunyuka kwangaphambili kwe-30 yuan. Indlela yokuthengisa i-phosphate ore ilungile, kwaye ixabiso linyuswa kancinci. Ixabiso lepleyiti yesithuthi se-phosphate ore engama-30% kwindawo yaseGuizhou yi-980 ~ 1100 yuan, ixabiso lepleyiti yenqanawa ye-phosphate ore engama-30% kwindawo yaseHubei yi-1035 ~ 1045 yuan, kwaye ixabiso le-30% phosphate ore kwindawo yaseYunnan yi-1050 yuan nangaphezulu. Ukulungiswa kunye nokungaphumeleli kwesityalo se-ammonia esenziweyo akukafunyanwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwemarike kusaqinile, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ixabiso le-ammonia yokwenziwa liphinde linyuswe, nge-50 ~ 100 yuan embindini nasempuma yeTshayina.
“I-Phosphate ore sisixhobo sokugcina izinto esibalulekileyo, esithintelwe lukhuseleko, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nezinye izinto, esichaphazela ukwembiwa kwemigodi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwixabiso layo eliqinileyo. Kwaye i-sulfur ifuna inani elikhulu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, amaxabiso akutshanje e-sulfur, i-sulfuric acid nawo ayanyuka, nto leyo enyusa phantse iindleko zemveliso yesichumiso se-phosphate. Ndicinga ukuba ixabiso lesichumiso se-phosphorus liya kuzinza ngexesha lokulima entwasahlobo, kodwa kukwakho nethuba lokunyuka kancinci.” utshilo uZhao Chengyun.
Okwangoku, isiphelo sezinto eziluhlaza ze-monoammonium phosphate siyaqhubeka nokunyuka, inkxaso entle iyaphucuka, iHubei 55% powder monoammonium phosphate mainstream factory quotation ye-3200 ~ 3350 yuan, ingqondo yokuthengwa kwesichumiso esidityanisiweyo ibuyele esiqhelweni, kulindeleke ukuba imakethi yexesha elizayo inyuse abathengisi abathengayo, imakethi ye-monoammonium phosphate nayo iya kufudumala; Imvakalelo yemarike ye-diammonium phosphate iphucukile, indawo yaseHubei i-64% yexabiso lemveliso ye-diammonium phosphate malunga ne-3800 yuan, imakethi ikhawulezise, abarhwebi abaphantsi balinde baze babone imvakalelo ibuthathaka kancinci.
Kuphephe ukuthenga ngokudibeneyo
Abantu abakwishishini bakholelwa ukuba, nangona ixesha lesichumiso sokulima sasentwasahlobo kulo nyaka lihlehlise malunga neentsuku ezingama-20, kodwa ngokufika kwemfuno eqinileyo, amaxabiso esichumiso se-phosphate aya kuhlala ezinzile kwaye emancinci, abathengisi baya kuthenga kwangaphambili ukuze baphephe ukuthenga okuphakathi okubangelwa ngumngcipheko wokunyuka kwamaxabiso.
"Ngokubanzi, ukusebenza kwemarike yesichumiso se-phosphate okwangoku kuya kuthintelwa, ixabiso lexesha elifutshane liza kuzinza. Kwixesha elide, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngakumbi kutshintsho kwizixhobo eziluhlaza, imfuno yokulima entwasahlobo, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuthumela ngaphandle." Utshilo uJoli Ying.
“Ukuxhamla kuphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, imfuno yeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate inamandla, nto leyo ebangela imfuno ye-phosphate, indlela yokumanzisa yokucoca i-phosphate, kunye ne-phosphate yemizi-mveliso. Isebenza ngemeko ezinzileyo. “UWang Ying uthe ishishini lesichumiso se-phosphate kufuneka lijongane noluhlu olufanelekileyo lwamaxabiso, linike ingqalelo kwimpembelelo yeentlekele zemozulu kwezolimo kunye nokwandiswa kwendawo yokutyala, kwaye lenze uphando kwaye ligwebe utshintsho lwezinto ezininzi ezinxulumene noko, liphephe iingozi, liqonde ishishini, liqonde ishishini Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwaye lizame ukufumana izibonelelo eziphezulu.”
UWang Fuguang ucele amashishini ezichumisi ezidityanisiweyo kunye nabathengisi bemali yezolimo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwisichumisi sokulima entwasahlobo, bajonge ngokuchanekileyo iimeko zemarike zangoku, bagcine ngokusengqiqweni ukulima entwasahlobo kwaye basebenzise isichumisi kunye nesichumisi sasehlotyeni. Ukungalingani kwamaxabiso.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-15-2023