Kwintlanganiso yohlalutyo lwemarike yesichumiso se-nitrogen saseNtwasahlobo ka-2023 ebibanjelwe eJincheng, kwiPhondo laseShanxi kwiveki ephelileyo, uGu Zongqin, umongameli we-China Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association, ukhankanye ukuba ngo-2022, onke amashishini esichumiso se-nitrogen aza kugqiba ngempumelelo umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukubonelelwa kwesichumiso se-nitrogen phantsi kwemeko enzima yeshishini elibi kunye nesichumiso sokubonelela, ukunikezelwa kweempahla ezixineneyo kunye namaxabiso aphezulu. Kwimeko yangoku, ukunikezelwa kwesichumiso se-nitrogen kunye nemfuno kulindeleke ukuba kwande ngo-2023, kwaye ibhalansi iyonke iyagcinwa.
Ubonelelo lunyuke kancinci
Ubonelelo lwamandla luyinkxaso ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yezichumiso ze-nitrogen. Kunyaka ophelileyo, ingxaki yamandla yehlabathi ibangele ingxaki yamandla yehlabathi ngenxa yengxabano phakathi kweRashiya neUkraine, eyabangela impembelelo enkulu kwimveliso yezichumiso ze-nitrogen. UGu Zongqin uthe indlela yokuthengisa izichumiso zamandla, ukutya kunye neekhemikhali kwihlabathi liphela kulo nyaka isenokungaqiniseki okukhulu, kwaye iya kuba nempembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso lweshishini.
Ngokuphathelele umkhwa weshishini lezichumisi ze-nitrogen kulo nyaka, uWei Yong, umlawuli weSebe loLwazi nokuThengisa le-Nitrogen Fertilizer Association, ukholelwa ukuba ukunikezelwa kwezichumisi ze-nitrogen kulo nyaka akuyi kuchaphazeleka zizinto zangaphandle. Oku kungenxa yokuba imakethi yezichumisi ze-nitrogen iza kukhutshwa kulo nyaka. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, amandla amatsha emveliso yesichumisi se-nitrogen aneetoni ezingama-300,000 ngonyaka kwisixhobo se-urea eXinjiang; malunga neetoni ezi-2.9 zezigidi zamandla amatsha kunye neetoni ezi-1.7 zezigidi zamandla okutshintsha kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka ziyafakwa kwimveliso. Ngokubanzi, amandla emveliso ye-urea azizigidi ezi-2 afakwe kwimveliso ekupheleni kuka-2022 kunye neetoni ezimalunga nezigidi ezi-2.5 zamandla emveliso acwangcisiweyo ngo-2023 ziya kwenza ukunikezelwa kwesichumisi se-nitrogen kulo nyaka kwanele ngakumbi.
Imfuno yezolimo izinzile
UWei Yong uthe ngo-2023, uXwebhu lweCentral Central No. 1 lufuna imizamo epheleleyo yokuqonda imveliso yokutya ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yengqolowa yesizwe igcinwa ingaphezulu kwe-1.3 trillion kg. Onke amaphondo (iingingqi ezizimeleyo kunye noomasipala) kufuneka azinzise le ndawo, agxile kwimveliso, kwaye azame ukwandisa imveliso. Ke ngoko, imfuno yalo nyaka yokuqina kwesichumiso se-nitrogen iya kuqhubeka isanda. Nangona kunjalo, isixa esisetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yesichumiso se-potassium kunye nesichumiso se-phosphate siya kuncipha, ikakhulu ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kwamaxabiso esalfure, iindleko zokuvelisa isichumiso se-phosphate ziyehla, ukungqubana phakathi kokunikezelwa kunye nemfuno yesichumiso se-potassium kuyancitshiswa, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba enye indlela yesichumiso se-nitrogen kwisichumiso se-phosphate kunye nesichumiso se-potassium inciphe.
UTian Youguo, usekela-mlawuli weZiko leSizwe loVavanyo lweMgangatho weMbewu zeZityalo kunye neZichumisi kwiSebe lezoLimo neMicimbi yasemaphandleni, uqikelele ukuba imfuno yesichumiso sasekhaya ngo-2023 yayimalunga neetoni ezingama-50.65 ezigidi, kwaye isichumiso sonyaka sasingaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-57.8 ezigidi, kwaye isichumiso sasingaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-7.2 ezigidi. Phakathi kwazo, isichumiso se-nitrogen kulindeleke ukuba sibe ziitoni ezingama-25.41 ezigidi, isichumiso se-phosphate kulindeleke ukuba sifune iitoni ezingama-12.03 ezigidi, kwaye isichumiso se-potassium kulindeleke ukuba sifune iitoni ezili-13.21 ezigidi.
UWei Yong uthe imfuno ye-urea kulo nyaka kwezolimo izinzile, kwaye imfuno ye-urea nayo iya kubonisa imeko elinganayo. Ngo-2023, imfuno yemveliso ye-urea kwilizwe lam imalunga ne-4.5 yezigidi zeetoni, nto leyo engaphezulu ngeetoni ezingama-900,000 kunango-2022. Ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuyanda, ukubonelela kunye nemfuno kuya kuhlala kulungelelene ngokusisiseko.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezolimo okungekuko okwezolimo kuyanda
UWei Yong uthe njengoko ilizwe lam linika ingqalelo ngakumbi kukhuseleko lweenkozo, kulindeleke ukuba imfuno yesichumiso se-nitrogen ihlale izinzile. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokulungiswa kunye nokuphuculwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuthintela ubhubhane, ukubuyiselwa koqoqosho lwelizwe lam kuqhube kakuhle, kwaye imfuno ye-urea kwimizi-mveliso kulindeleke ukuba inyuke.
Xa ndijonga kwangaphambili izinga lokukhula koqoqosho lwelizwe lam lokukhula koqoqosho lwaseTshayina, imeko yoqoqosho kwilizwe lam ilungile okwangoku, kwaye imfuno yemfuno engeyoyezolimo iya kwanda. Ngokukodwa, "Uphononongo loQoqosho lwaseTshayina luka-2022 kunye neMbono yoQoqosho ka-2023 kuPhando loQoqosho lwe-Chinese Academy of Social Sciences" ikholelwa ukuba izinga lokukhula kwe-GDP yaseTshayina ngo-2023 limalunga ne-5%. I-International Monetary Fund inyuse ukukhula kwe-GDP yaseTshayina ngo-2023 ukuya kwi-5.2%. I-Citi Bank ikwanyuse ukukhula kwe-GDP yaseTshayina ngo-2023 ukusuka kwi-5.3% ukuya kwi-5.7%.
Kulo nyaka, ukuchuma kwezindlu kwilizwe lam kuye kwanda. Abantu abanolwazi ngezindlu bathe umgaqo-nkqubo omtsha wezindlu kwiindawo ezininzi uye wakhuthaza uphuhliso lwezindlu, ngaloo ndlela uvuselela imfuno yefenitshala kunye nokuphuculwa kwekhaya, ngaloo ndlela unyusa imfuno ye-urea. Kulindeleke ukuba imfuno ye-urea engeyiyo eyezolimo kulo nyaka ifikelele kwiitoni ezingama-20.5 ezigidi, ukunyuka kweetoni ezimalunga ne-1.5 yezigidi ngonyaka.
UZhang Jianhui, uNobhala-Jikelele weKomiti yoBugcisa yeProgressive Adhesive and Coatings ye-China Forestry Industry Association, naye uvumelene noku. Uthe ngokulungiswa nokulungiswa komgaqo-nkqubo wokuthintela ubhubhane welizwe lam kulo nyaka kunye nokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo omtsha wezindlu, imakethi iye yabuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwaye imfuno yokusetyenziswa kwebhodi yokwenziwa ebicinezelwe iminyaka emithathu ilandelelana iya kukhululwa ngokukhawuleza. Kulindeleke ukuba imveliso yeebhodi zokwenziwa zaseTshayina ifikelele kwi-340 yezigidi zeekubhikimitha ngo-2023, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-urea kuya kudlula kwi-12 yezigidi zeetoni.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-10-2023