Kwinkqubo yeshishini leoyile kunye neekhemikhali lelizwe lam ukusuka ekuvelisweni okukhulu ukuya ekuvelisweni okusemgangathweni ophezulu, iziphumo ezintsha kwicandelo lezinto ezintsha ezinamazinga aphantsi okungena kunye namashishini asekhaya aphantsi ziye zavela njengeekhowa, kwaye ezimbini zazo, ii-polyolefin elastomers (POE), i-carbon fiber fiber, kunye ne-carbon fiber. Imeko yezinto ezintsha ezifana neeplastiki ezinokubola kunye nezinye izinto ezintsha inomdla. Kwintlanganiso yesi-6 yophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nokutshintshwa kweendawo zokubeka izinto kunye ne-China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation ebibanjelwe eShanghai nge-20 ka-Epreli, uLuo Qiming, usekela-mlawuli weSebe leSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo le-Petrochemical Federation, wakhama waza walungisa uluhlu lwezinto.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo zendalo zenze impumelelo
I-Adiponitrile yinto ebalulekileyo ekrwada ye-nylon 66, ekunzima ukuyivelisa ngobuchwephesha. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, imakethi yemveliso yayilawulwa yi-Invista. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwefayibha yamakhemikhali, iiplastiki zobunjineli kunye nezinye iinkalo, intsimi yesicelo se-nylon 66 ibanzi ngakumbi, inani lamashishini asekhaya enze inkqubela phambili kuphando nophuhliso kunye nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso ye-adiponitrile, iiprojekthi ze-adiponitrile ziqalile.
ULuo Qiming wazisa ukuba kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zobugcisa kuphando lwasekhaya kunye nophuhliso lwe-adipdinitrile, ezizezi indlela ye-adipdinic acid kunye nendlela ye-butadiene.
Iqela leChongqing Huafeng lakha isityalo se-adipdinitrile esinobunzima obuziitoni ezingama-200,000 esisekelwe kwisityalo se-adipdinitrile esinobunzima obuziitoni ezili-100,000 esiza kugqitywa ngo-2020 ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-adipdinic acid.
Inkqubo ye-butadiene ikwayiteknoloji esetyenziswa yi-Invista, enezibonelelo zendlela emfutshane yenkqubo, ixabiso eliphantsi lezinto eziluhlaza kunye nomgangatho wemveliso olungileyo. Emva kweminyaka yophando nophuhliso, i-China Chemical Tianchen Qixiang New Materials Co., LTD., ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-butadiene direct hydrocyanidation yokwakha iitoni ezingama-200,000 ngonyaka isixhobo se-adiponitrile nako kuye kwavula lonke uthotho lweshishini kwaye kwaqala ngempumelelo.
Ngokutsho kwentatheli, ukuba zeziphi izabelo zokwakha iitoni ezingama-50 ngonyaka zeprojekthi ye-butadiene method adipdinitrile nazo ziya kuqaliswa ekupheleni kwalo nyaka.
Ukwenziwa kweentlobo ze-polyolefin ezikumgangatho ophezulu ekhaya
“Inkqubo ye-polyethylene yegesi-ulwelo kunye nenkqubo ye-polypropylene etyhubhu, enamalungelo obunikazi obuzimeleyo, zombini zenziwe kwilizwe lethu. “Iimveliso ze-polyolefin eziphezulu ezifana ne-POE kunye ne-UHMWPE (i-polyethylene enobunzima be-molecular ephezulu) zicinezele iqhosha elithi 'accelerator' ukuze zenziwe.” ULuo Qiming utshilo xa ethetha ngophuhliso lweentlobo ze-polyolefin eziphezulu.
I-POE yenye yezona zinto zixineneyo kakhulu kwizinto ezenziweyo, kwaye zizinto eziphambili zokulungiselela isizukulwana esitsha sefilimu ye-photovoltaic. I-Sinopec, eyaqala ukuphonononga itekhnoloji yophuhliso lwe-POE kwiminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo, ngoku ifumana iingenelo. Intatheli ifumanise ukuba kwiMboniso yama-35 yeHlabathi yeRubber and Plastic yaseTshayina esandula ukugqitywa, i-Sinopec ikhuphe uthotho lweemveliso ezintsha kuquka i-POE elastomer, i-Sinopec yaba ngumboneleli wokuqala wepatent yetekhnoloji yasekhaya one-POE iseti epheleleyo yamalungelo epropathi yengqondo ezimeleyo.
Kwangaxeshanye, iWanhua Chemical kunye nezinye zinemiqathango yokuphuhliswa kwe-POE. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ukusukela ngoMatshi 2023, amandla emveliso yasekhaya acwangciselwe ukwakhiwa eTshayina afikelele kwi-2.1 yezigidi zeetoni. Kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 ezayo, ilizwe lam liza kuqalisa ukukhula kwemveliso ye-POE.
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kwemveliso, i-UHMWPE ifumene ingqalelo engaphezulu kwiinkampani ze-petrochemicals kunye namandla kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ngokutsho kwentatheli, ukusukela ngoJulayi 2022, iDaqing Petrochemical, iJiangsu Sturbang, kunye neShanghai Chemical Research Institute zingene kwishishini le-UHMWPE ngendlela yemveliso entsha okanye yokwandiswa kwamandla. Phakathi kwazo, ulwalathiso lwemveliso yeDaqing Petrochemical ikakhulu yi-lithium battery diaphragm. Ulwalathiso lwemveliso lweetoni ezingama-20,000 ngonyaka eJiangsu Serbon lukwasekelwe kakhulu kwi-lithium battery diaphragm kunye nezinto zefayibha. Izinto zefayibha, izinto ze-lithium battery diaphragm kunye ne-melting spinning resin zezona ziphambili.
KuMatshi ophelileyo, isixhobo se-UHMWPE setyhubhu yendandatho ye-stasis ye-30,000 yeetoni zeShanghai Chemical Research Institute saqaliswa ukuveliswa, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ilizwe lam liphumelele kakhulu kubugcisa bokuqala beli hlabathi. I-diaphragm yefayibha ephezulu kunye nebhetri ye-lithium zibonelela nge-resin esisiseko.
Itekhnoloji ekhokelayo yezinto ezibolayo
Ukuphunyezwa komthetho wokuthintela iplastiki kongeza “umlilo” kuphuhliso nakwimveliso yezinto ezinokubola. Ngokutsho kukaLuo Qiming, ilizwe lam likwazile ukusebenzisa i-polycolic acid (PGA), i-polynxyl-bonol (PBS), i-polyphonal acid -hexyl-bonol (PBAT), i-polystumin (PLA), i-Polybon (PCL), i-Polycarbonate (PPC), i-Polycroxy Fatty acid ester (PHA) kunye nezinye iindlela zobuchwepheshe zokuvelisa izimboni, zigubungela udidi oluphambili lweplastiki ezinokubola, kwaye zakhe iintlobo zeplastiki ezinokubola kwihlabathi liphela. Inkqubo epheleleyo yezimboni.
I-PLA okwangoku yeyona nto ibola kakhulu kuphando nasekusetyenzisweni kwayo. Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili buye benza inkqubela phambili eTshayina, kwaye bunokukhuphisana ngokupheleleyo neemveliso ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezintsha ze-resin ebolayo okokuqala kwilizwe lam, ezifana ne-PGA, i-polytic benzonite dilate (PBST), kunye nerabha yokuqala ye-polyester ebolayo kwilizwe lam i-Essence.
Ngokutsho kweentatheli, iShanghai Dong Geng Company idale itekhnoloji ezimeleyo kwindlela esemthethweni ye-PGA yezithuba ze-ethyl ester, enokufumana i-PGA yodidi lwezonyango; iZiko loPhando lweZinto zoMzimba eziPhambili ze-Elastic Body Research Center leYunivesithi yaseBeijing liqhekeza irabha yepolymer eqhelekileyo ene-high-relative molecular mass diversified common. Inkqubo yemveliso eqhubekayo iphuhlise isiseko sebhayoloji sokonakalisa izixhobo zerabha zepolyester kwaye igqibezele uvavanyo lovavanyo lwamawaka eetoni.
Inkqubo entsha yerabha yokwenziwa igcwalisa umsantsa
Ukuguqulwa okusebenzayo kwerabha ye-polystyrene butadiene enyibilikisiweyo yingongoma eshushu kwicandelo lerabha ye-polystyrene butadiene enyibilikisiweyo, enokuphucula kakhulu iipropati zeemveliso zerabha, kodwa akukho mveliso yemizi-mveliso eqalisiweyo eTshayina. NgoMeyi 2021, i-petrochina, iYunivesithi yaseTongji kunye neYunivesithi yaseDalian yeTekhnoloji baphuhlise ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kwerabha ye-polystyrene butadiene enyibilikisiweyo esebenzayo, baza bagqiba iseti yokuqala yesixhobo serabha ye-polystyrene butadiene enyibilikisiweyo esebenzayo eDushanzi Petrochemical eTshayina. Le mveliso isetyenziswe kwirabha ye-green tire tread.
Irabha yeNeoprene yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwiqhinga loqoqosho lwesizwe nakwishishini lokhuselo lwesizwe. Kodwa ukuveliswa kwenkqubo yerabha yeNeoprene ye-butadiene kuyinkimbinkimbi, iteknoloji yezixhobo eziphambili inzima. IJinjiao Hi-tech (Shanghai) Co., LTD., iqhekeze eli "thambo liqinileyo", yaphuhlisa inkqubo entsha yerabha yeNeoprene ye-butadiene, yaza yagqiba uvavanyo lovavanyo. "Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yethu yendabuko ye-calcium carbide, inkqubo inokufikelela kudlula okubanzi kwiindleko zemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso." Utshilo uLuo Qiming.
Izinto eziphambili zeplastiki zobunjineli kunye neefayibha ezikhethekileyo ziyabonakala
I-carbon fiber, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"King of New Materials", yinto entsha ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nokwakhiwa kokhuselo lwesizwe. Ilizwe lam ngoku libe lilizwe lesithathu elinetekhnoloji ye-carbon fiber esebenza kakuhle emva kweJapan ne-United States. "I-carbon fiber yelizwe lam ye-T300-level ifikelele kwinqanaba leemveliso ezifanayo zangaphandle; i-carbon fiber ye-T700 kunye ne-T800-level ifikelele kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso; iitekhnoloji eziphambili ze-carbon fiber ye-T1000 kunye ne-M55J-level zenze inkqubela phambili kubuchwepheshe obuphambili, kwaye ziqalile ukuvelisa." utshilo uLuo Qiming.
I-polytamide fiber enamandla aphezulu ineenzuzo ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kwiindawo eziphezulu ezifana neenqwelo moya, i-aerospace, i-elektroniki, kunye nokhuseleko. IYunivesithi yeTekhnoloji yeKhemikhali yaseBeijing iphuhlise iteknoloji yokuvelisa i-polytamide fiber enamandla aphezulu, esebenzisa obu buchwepheshe ukwakha umgca wokuqala wokuvelisa i-polytamide fiber enamandla aphezulu ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, kwaye yenze uthotho lweemveliso.
Ukongeza, i-phenolic polyford polyford etherone ketone eyenziwe yiDalian University of Science and Technology kunye neChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian chemicals nayo yeyokuqala ehlabathini, kwaye zonke izixhobo zoshishino zakhiwe.
Iikhemikhali ze-elektroniki zikhula ngokukhawuleza
Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kweshishini elitsha lamandla kuzise iikhemikhali ze-elektroniki kwithuba lophuhliso, kwaye ukhuphiswano lwamashishini amaninzi asekhaya lungene kwinkqubela phambili ekhawulezileyo yokukhuthaza iteknoloji yeekhemikhali ze-elektroniki.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amandla e-phosphate yelizwe lam yomgangatho wezoshishino kunye nomgangatho wokutya abe ngaphezulu, kodwa izixhobo eziphambili zokuvelisa iitships ezifana ne-phosphate ye-elektroniki ecocekileyo ephezulu kakhulu zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekungenisweni kwamanye amazwe. Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 yemizamo engapheliyo, i-phosphate ye-elektroniki ecocekileyo ephezulu kakhulu ye-Xingfa Group ifikelele kwinqanaba lobunyulu be-phosphate ukusuka ku-“3 9″ ukuya ku-“9 9″”.
I-hydrofluoric acid ye-elektroniki isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukucoca nokugqwala kweesekethe ezidibeneyo kunye neetships zesekethe ezidibeneyo ezinkulu. Omnye weenkokheli zeekhemikhali ze-elektroniki zasekhaya wangena ngokusesikweni kwinkqubo yababoneleli abafanelekileyo be-TSMC ngoMeyi 2022, waza waqala ukuyijonga. Ukuhanjiswa kweqela lezixhobo zeekhemikhali ze-elektroniki ezicocekileyo kakhulu, ezizii-hydrofluoric acids ikakhulu kwi-semiconductor-grade.
Ukongeza, ezinye iikhemikhali ze-elektroniki ezimanzi eziveliswe zaza zaveliswa yiSuzhou Jingrui, ezifana ne-hydrogen peroxide kunye ne-sulfuric acid, iHaohua Gas, i-nitrogen trifluoride yeSinoship 718 Institute, igesi ye-chlorine ecocekileyo kakhulu kunye ne-hydrogen chloride yegesi yeTaihe, igesi ekhethekileyo ye-precursor yeJiangsu Jacque, i-polishing pad yeHubei Dinglong kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ze-elektroniki nazo ziye zahlangabezana neemfuno zokwenziwa kwee-chip eziphambili.
“Uphuhliso lwe-argon fluoride photoresist kwiitships zenkqubo eziphambili, eyona inzima kakhulu, lusengumngeni.” ULuo Qiming uthe nangona iiyunithi ezininzi zasekhaya ngokulandelelana ukusuka kwi-resin monomer, i-photoinitiator, i-solvent ukuya kwi-photoresist ukujongana nalo lonke uthotho lweshishini, kodwa okwangoku ziyinxalenye nje yemveliso ekwivavanyo lweshishini elisezantsi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-08-2023