I-N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP): Imithetho Eqinileyo Yendalo Ekhuthaza Uphando Nophuhliso Lwezinye Iindlela kunye Nokusetyenziswa Kwezinto Ezintsha ze-NMP Ngokwazo Kumacandelo Aphezulu

I. Iindlela Eziphambili Zoshishino: Eziqhutywa Yimithetho kunye Notshintsho Lwemarike

Okwangoku, eyona ndlela ichaphazela kakhulu imboni ye-NMP ivela ekujongeni ulawulo lwehlabathi.

1. Izithintelo phantsi koMgaqo we-EU REACH

I-NMP ifakiwe ngokusesikweni kuLuhlu lwaBagqatswa beZinto ezixhalabisa kakhulu (SVHC) phantsi koMgaqo we-REACH.

Ukususela ngoMeyi 2020, i-EU iye yathintela ukunikezelwa komxube oqulethe i-NMP kuluntu kuxinzelelo lwe-≥0.3% kwiiarhente zokucoca isinyithi kunye neefomyula zokugquma ezisetyenziselwa imboni kunye nezobuchwephesha.

Lo mthetho usekelwe kakhulu kwiinkxalabo malunga nobuthi bokuzala be-NMP, ujolise ekukhuseleni impilo yabathengi kunye nabasebenzi.

2. Uvavanyo loMngcipheko yi-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yase-US (i-EPA)

I-US EPA ikwaqhuba uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomngcipheko kwi-NMP, kwaye kusenokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba imiqathango engqongqo ekusetyenzisweni kwayo kunye nokukhutshwa kwayo kwigesi iya kuqaliswa kwixesha elizayo.

Uhlalutyo lweMpembelelo

Le mithetho ikhokelele ngokuthe ngqo ekwehleni kancinci kancinci kwemfuno yemarike ye-NMP kumacandelo emveli esinyibilikisi (afana neepeyinti, iingubo, kunye nokucoca isinyithi), nto leyo enyanzelisa abavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi abasezantsi ukuba bafune utshintsho.

II. Imida yoBugcisa kunye neZicelo eziKhulayo

Nangona kukho imiqathango kumacandelo emveli, i-NMP ifumene abaqhubi abatsha bokukhula kwamanye amacandelo obuchwepheshe obuphezulu ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa zomzimba nezekhemikhali.

1. Uphando noPhuhliso lwezinto ezizezinye (Okwangoku yiNdlela yoPhando esebenzayo kakhulu)

Ukujongana nemingeni yolawulo, uphuhliso lwezinye iindlela ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo endaweni ye-NMP okwangoku yeyona nto iphambili kwimizamo ye-R&D. Imiyalelo ephambili ibandakanya:

I-N-Ethylpyrrolidone (NEP): Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-NEP ikwajongene nokuhlolwa ngokungqongqo kwendalo kwaye ayisosisombululo esifanelekileyo sexesha elide.

I-Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO): Ifundwa njengesinyibilikisi esingesinye kwicandelo lokwenziwa kwamayeza kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

Izinyibilikisi Ezintsha Eziluhlaza: Kubandakanya ii-cyclic carbonates (umz., i-propylene carbonate) kunye nezinyibilikisi ezisekelwe kwi-bio (umz., i-lactate ephuma embona). Ezi zinyibilikisi zinetyhefu encinci kwaye ziyabola, nto leyo eyenza zibe yindlela ephambili yophuhliso kwixesha elizayo.

2. Ukungathathelwa indawo kwezeMveliso zoBugcisa obuPhezulu

Kwimimandla ethile ekumgangatho ophezulu, i-NMP isanzima ukuyitshintsha ngokupheleleyo okwangoku ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo:

Iibhetri zeLithium-Ion: Le yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo nekhula rhoqo yesicelo se-NMP. I-NMP sisinyibilikisi esibalulekileyo sokulungiselela i-slurry yee-electrode zebhetri ye-lithium-ion (ingakumbi ii-cathodes). Inganyibilikisa ngokufanelekileyo ii-PVDF binders kwaye inokusasazeka kakuhle, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekwenzeni ii-electrode coating ezizinzileyo nezifanayo. Ngokukhula kwehlabathi kushishino olutsha lwamandla, imfuno ye-NMP ecocekileyo kakhulu kweli candelo ihlala inamandla.

IiSemiconductors kunye neePaneli zoBoniso:Kwimveliso ye-semiconductor kunye nemveliso yephaneli yokubonisa ye-LCD/OLED, i-NMP isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokucoca ngokuchanekileyo ukususa i-photoresist kunye nezinto ezicocekileyo. Ubumsulwa bayo obuphezulu kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukucoca ngokufanelekileyo kwenza kube nzima okwethutyana ukutshintshwa.

IiPolymers kunye neePlastics zoBunjineli obuPhezulu:I-NMP sisinyibilikisi esibalulekileyo ekuveliseni iiplastiki zobunjineli ezisebenza kakuhle ezifana ne-polyimide (PI) kunye ne-polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Ezi zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana neenqwelo-moya kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki.

Isiphelo

Ikamva le-NMP lilele “ekusebenziseni amandla nokuphepha ubuthathaka”. Kwelinye icala, ixabiso layo elikhethekileyo kwiinkalo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu liya kuqhubeka nokuxhasa imfuno yemarike yalo; kwelinye icala, lonke ishishini kufuneka lamkele utshintsho, likhawulezise uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokukhuthaza izinyibilikisi ezikhuselekileyo nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, ukuze kuphendulwe kwindlela engapheliyo yemithetho yokusingqongileyo.