Kwixesha elidlulileyo lika-2022, imakethi yeemveliso zeekhemikhali zasekhaya ibonakalise ukwehla okunengqiqo iyonke. Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwiiklabhu zoshishino, ama-64% eemveliso zeekhemikhali eziphambili ezili-106 ezijongiweyo ngo-2022, ama-64% eemveliso zehla, ama-36% eemveliso zenyuka. Imakethi yeemveliso zeekhemikhali ibonise ukunyuka kwamanqanaba amatsha amandla, ukwehla kweemveliso zeekhemikhali zemveli, ukuzinzisa izinto ezisisiseko zephethini. Kuluhlu lwe-"Review of the 2022 Chemical Market" oluqaliswe kolu hlelo, kuza kukhethwa iimveliso eziphezulu ezinyukayo nezihlayo ukuze zihlalutywe.
Unyaka ka-2022 ngokungathandabuzekiyo lixesha eliphezulu kwimarike yetyuwa ye-lithium. I-lithium hydroxide, i-lithium carbonate, i-lithium iron phosphate, kunye ne-phosphate ore zithathe indawo eziphezulu ezi-4 kuluhlu lokunyuka kweemveliso zeekhemikhali, ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa, imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide, eyona ngoma iphambili yeendlela ezinyukayo neziphezulu unyaka wonke, ekugqibeleni iphezulu kuluhlu lokunyuka konyaka nge-155.38%.
Iijikelo ezimbini zokunyuka ngamandla kunye nokuphucula okuphezulu
Indlela esetyenziswa ngayo imarike ye-lithium hydroxide ngo-2022 inokwahlulwa ibe ngamanqanaba amathathu. Ekuqaleni kuka-2022, imarike ye-lithium hydroxide yavula imarike ngexabiso eliphakathi le-216,700 yuan (ixabiso leetoni, elifana nelingezantsi). Emva kokunyuka okukhulu kwikota yokuqala, yagcina inqanaba eliphezulu kwikota yesibini neyesithathu. Ixabiso eliphakathi le-10,000 yuan laphela, kwaye unyaka wanda nge-155.38%
Kwikota yokuqala ka-2022, ukunyuka kwekota kwimarike ye-lithium hydroxide kufikelele kwi-110.77%, apho ngoFebruwari kunyuke kwaya kutsho kunyaka omkhulu, kwafikelela kwi-52.73%. Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwiiklabhu zoshishino, kweli nqanaba, ixhaswa yi-ore ephezulu, kwaye ixabiso le-lithium lithium carbonate liqhubekile nokuxhasa i-lithium hydroxide. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yezinto eziluhlaza eziqinileyo, izinga lokusebenza lilonke le-lithium hydroxide lehle laya kwi-60%, kwaye umphezulu wobonelelo wawuncinci. Imfuno ye-lithium hydroxide kubavelisi beebhetri ze-nickel ternary ezisezantsi inyukile, kwaye ukungalingani kobonelelo kunye nemfuno kukhuthaze ukunyuka okukhulu kwexabiso le-lithium hydroxide.
Kwikota yesibini neyesithathu ka-2022, imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide ibonakalise umkhwa ophezulu wokungazinzi, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lenyuka kancinci nge-0.63% kulo mjikelo. Ukususela ngo-Epreli ukuya kuMeyi ka-2022, i-lithium carbonate yabuthathaka. Umthamo omtsha wabanye abavelisi be-lithium hydroxide ukhululiwe, unikezelo lulonke luyanda, imfuno yokuthengwa kwendawo yasekhaya iye yehla, kwaye imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide yabonakala iphezulu. Ukususela ngoJuni ka-2022, ixabiso le-lithium carbonate laphakanyiswa kancinci ukuxhasa iimeko zemakethi ye-lithium hydroxide, ngelixa umdla wophando olusezantsi uphuculwe kancinci. Ifikelele kwi-481,700 yuan.
Ukungena kwikota yesine ka-2022, imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide inyukile kwakhona, ngokonyuka kwekota ye-14.88%. Kwimozulu yexesha eliphakamileyo, imveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya kunyuke kakhulu, kwaye kunzima ukuyifumana imakethi. Umgaqo-nkqubo wenkxaso-mali entsha yamandla usondela ekupheleni kokuphela, kwaye ezinye iinkampani zeemoto ziya kulungiselela kwangaphambili ukuqhuba imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide kwimfuno enamandla yeebhetri zamandla. Kwangaxeshanye, zichaphazeleka yintsholongwane yasekhaya, ukunikezelwa kwemarike kuncinci, kwaye imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide iya kunyuka kwakhona. Emva ko-Novemba 2022, ixabiso le-lithium carbonate lehla, kwaye imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide yehla kancinci, kwaye ixabiso lokugqibela lavalwa kwi-553,300 yuan.
Ubonelelo lwezinto eziluhlaza ezikumgangatho ophezulu luncinci kakhulu
Xa ndijonga emva kowama-2022, ayikuko kuphela nje ukuba imakethi ye-lithium hydroxide inyuke njengomnyama, kodwa nezinye iimveliso zetyuwa ye-lithium zisebenze kakuhle. I-Lithium carbonate inyuke nge-89.47%, i-lithium iron phosphate inyuke nge-58.1% ngonyaka, kwaye ukunyuka konyaka kwe-phosphorus ore ye-lithium iron phosphate nayo ifikelele kwi-53.94%. Ubunzima Ishishini likholelwa ukuba isizathu esiphambili sokwanda kwetyuwa ye-lithium ngo-2022 kukuba iindleko zezixhobo ze-lithium ziyaqhubeka nokunyuka, nto leyo ekhokelele ekwandeni okuqhubekayo kokunqongophala kokunikezelwa kwetyuwa ye-lithium, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ixabiso letyuwa ye-lithium.
Ngokutsho kwabasebenzi abatsha bokuthengisa iibhetri zamandla eLiaoning, i-lithium hydroxide yahlulwe ngokubanzi yaba ziindlela ezimbini zemveliso ye-lithium hydroxide kunye ne-salt lake elungiselela i-lithium hydroxide kunye ne-salt lake. I-lithium hydroxide emva kwe-industrial-grade lithium carbonate. Ngo-2022, amashishini asebenzisa i-lithium hydroxide esebenzisa i-pylori ayephantsi kwezixhobo zezimbiwa ezincinci. Kwelinye icala, amandla okuvelisa i-lithium hydroxide anqongophele ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezixhobo ze-lithium. Kwelinye icala, okwangoku kukho abavelisi abambalwa be-lithium hydroxide abaqinisekiswe yi-battery faucet yamazwe ngamazwe, ngoko ke ukunikezelwa kwe-lithium hydroxide ephezulu kunqongophele ngakumbi.
Umhlalutyi wePing An Securities uChen Xiao ubonise kwingxelo yophando ukuba ingxaki yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo yinto ebalulekileyo ephazamisayo kushishino lwebhetri ye-lithium. Kwimizila yokuphakamisa i-lithium ye-salty lake brine, ngenxa yokuphola kwemozulu, ukufuma kwamachibi etyuwa kuyancipha, kwaye unikezelo luneengxaki zonikezelo, ingakumbi kwikota yokuqala neyesine. Ngenxa yeempawu zemithombo ezinqabileyo ze-lithium iron phosphate, ngenxa yeempawu zemithombo ezinqabileyo, unikezelo lwendawo lwalunganelanga kwaye lwakhuthaza umgangatho ophezulu wokusebenza, kwaye ukwanda konyaka kwafikelela kwi-53.94%.
Imfuno yamandla amatsha esiphelo sendlela inyukile
Njengezinto eziphambili zokwenza iibhetri ze-lithium ion ezine-nickel ternary, ukukhula okunamandla kwemfuno yamashishini ezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kuye kwabangela inkuthazo kunokunyuka kwamaxabiso e-lithium hydroxide.
I-Ping An Securities ibonise ukuba imakethi entsha yesiphelo samandla iqhubekile nokuba namandla ngo-2022, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kusamangalisa. Imveliso yeefektri zebhetri ezisezantsi kwi-lithium hydroxide iyasebenza, kwaye imfuno yeebhetri ze-nickel ternary eziphezulu kunye ne-iron lithium iyaqhubeka nokuphucuka. Ngokwedatha yamva nje evela kwi-China Automobile Association, ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuNovemba ka-2022, imveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla yayiyi-6.253 yezigidi kunye ne-60.67 yezigidi, ngokwahlukeneyo, ukunyuka okuphakathi konyaka nonyaka, kwaye isabelo semarike sifikelele kwi-25%.
Kwimeko yokunqongophala kwezixhobo kunye nemfuno enamandla, ixabiso leetyuwa ze-lithium ezifana ne-lithium hydroxide linyukile, kwaye uthotho lweshishini lombane we-lithium luye lwawela “kwixhala”. Bobabini abathengisi bezinto zebhetri yamandla, abavelisi kunye nabavelisi beemoto ezintsha zamandla bayayinyusa indlela abathenga ngayo iityuwa ze-lithium. Ngo-2022, abavelisi abaninzi bezinto zebhetri batyikitye izivumelwano zokubonelela nabathengisi be-lithium hydroxide. Inkampani ephethwe ngokupheleleyo yi-Avchem Group ityikitye isivumelwano sokubonelela nge-lithium hydroxide yebhetri kunye ne-Axix. Ikwatyikitye izivumelwano nenkampani engaphantsi kweTianhua Super Clean iTianyi Lithium kunye neSichuan Tianhua yeemveliso ze-lithium hydroxide yebhetri.
Ukongeza kwiinkampani zebhetri, iinkampani zeemoto nazo zikhuphisana ngezixhobo ze-lithium hydroxide. Ngo-2022, kubikwa ukuba iMercedes-Benz, iBMW, iGeneral Motors kunye nezinye iinkampani zeemoto zisayine izivumelwano zokubonelela nge-lithium hydroxide yebhetri, kwaye iTesla ikwathe izakwakha isityalo seekhemikhali ze-lithium hydroxide yebhetri, esingena ngqo kwicandelo lemveliso yeekhemikhali ze-lithium.
Lilonke, uphuhliso olukhulayo lweshishini elitsha leemoto zamandla luzise imfuno enkulu yemarike ye-lithium hydroxide, kwaye ukunqongophala kwezixhobo ze-lithium ezisezantsi kukhokelele ekubeni amandla emveliso ye-lithium hydroxide ancitshiswe, nto leyo enyusa ixabiso layo lemarike.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-02-2023