Impembelelo ye-US "IiRhafu eziBuyiselanayo" kwiChayini yoShishino lweHydrocarbon enuka kamnandi yaseTshayina

Kwikhonkco loshishino lwehydrocarbon enuka kamnandi, akukho phantse urhwebo oluthe ngqo lweemveliso ezinevumba elimnandi phakathi kwelizwe lase China kunye neMelika. Nangona kunjalo, i-US ithatha ngaphandle inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeemveliso zayo ezinevumba elimnandi ezisuka e-Asiya, kunye nababoneleli base-Asia abathatha i-40-55% ye-US ethengwa ngaphandle kwe-benzene, i-paraxylene (PX), i-toluene, kunye ne-xylenes exutyiweyo. Iimpembelelo eziphambili zicazululwa ngezantsi:

Benzeni

I-China ixhomekeke kakhulu kumazwe angaphandle kwi-benzene, kunye noMzantsi Korea njengowona mthengisi uphambili. Zombini i-China kunye ne-US ngabathengi be-benzene, akukho rhwebo luthe ngqo phakathi kwabo, lucutha ifuthe elithe ngqo loluhlu lwamaxabiso kwimarike ye-benzene yaseTshayina. Ngo-2024, iimpahla zase-South Korea zazibalelwa kwi-46% ye-benzene yase-US. Ngokweenkcukacha zamasiko zaseSouth Korea, uMzantsi Korea wathumela ngaphandle kwe-600,000 yeetoni zebenzene e-US ngo-2024. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela kwi-Q4 2023, ifestile ye-arbitrage phakathi koMzantsi Korea kunye ne-US ivaliwe, ihambisa iSouth Korean iqukuqela ukuya e-China-umthengi omkhulu we-benzene wase-Asia kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwentengiso ye-benzene yase-China. Ukuba imirhumo yase-US ibekwe ngaphandle kokukhululwa kwi-petroleum-based benzene, unikezelo lwehlabathi jikelele olwalumiselwe e-US lungatshintshela e-China, lugcine imithamo ephezulu yokungenisa elizweni. Ezantsi, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemveliso ezenziwe ngebenzene (umzekelo, izixhobo zasekhaya, amalaphu) zinokujongana nengxelo engentle ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso.

 Toluene

Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwetoluene yaseTshayina kukhule ngokucothayo kule minyaka yakutsha nje, ijolise ikakhulu kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asiya ne-Indiya, norhwebo oluthe ngqo olungahoywanga ne-US Nangona kunjalo, i-US ithenga kumazwe angaphandle imiqulu yetoluene esuka e-Asiya, kuquka i-230,000 yeetoni zemetric ezivela eMzantsi Korea ngo-2024 (57% yetoluene iyonke yase-US ethengwayo ngaphandle). Imirhumo yase-US inokuphazamisa ukuthunyelwa kwetoluene yaseMzantsi Korea ukuya e-US, inyusa ukuthengiswa kwe-toluene e-Asiya e-Asiya kwaye yandisa ukhuphiswano kwiimarike ezifana ne-Southeast Asia ne-Indiya, okunokuthi kucudise isabelo se-China sokuthumela ngaphandle.

Xylenes

I-China ihleli ingumrhwebi we-xylenes exutyiweyo, kungekho rhwebo oluthe ngqo ne-US I-US ithenga ngaphandle imithamo emikhulu ye-xylenes, ubukhulu becala esuka eMzantsi Korea (i-57% ye-US ephuma ngaphandle phantsi kwekhowudi ye-HS 27073000). Nangona kunjalo, le mveliso ifakiwe kuluhlu lwe-US lokukhululwa kwirhafu, ukunciphisa impembelelo kwimisebenzi ye-arbitrage yase-Asia-US.

Styrene

I-US ngumthengisi wehlabathi jikelele we-styrene, ngokuyintloko ubonelela ngeMexico, uMzantsi Melika, kunye neYurophu, ngokungenisa okuncinci (i-210,000 yeetoni zeemetric ngo-2024, phantse zonke zivela eCanada). Imarike ye-styrene yaseTshayina ibonelelwa ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo echasene nokulahla kudala ivalile urhwebo lwesitayile sase-US-China. Nangona kunjalo, i-US iceba ukumisela i-25% yerhafu kwi-benzene yaseMzantsi Korea, enokuthi inyuse ngakumbi unikezelo lwe-styrene yase-Asia. Ngeli xesha, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwesixhobo sasekhaya sase-China esixhomekeke kwi-styrene (umzekelo, izifudumezi zomoya, izikhenkcezisi) zijongene namaxabiso anyukayo ase-US (ukuya kuma-80%), okunefuthe elibi kweli candelo. Ngoko ke, imirhumo yase-US iya kuchaphazela ikakhulu imveliso ye-styrene yase-China ngokunyuka kweendleko kunye nokunciphisa imfuno ephantsi.

IParaxylene (PX)

I-China ithumela ngaphandle phantse i-PX kwaye ithembele kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwempahla evela eMzantsi Korea, eJapan, nakuMazantsi-mpuma e-Asia, ngaphandle korhwebo oluthe ngqo lwase-US. Ngo-2024, i-South Korea yabonelela nge-22.5% ye-US PX ethunyelwa ngaphandle (i-300,000 yeetoni ze-metric, i-6% yokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-South Korea). Amaxabiso ase-US anokunciphisa ukuhamba kwe-PX yaseMzantsi Korea ukuya e-US, kodwa nokuba ithunyelwe e-China, umthamo unokuba nefuthe elilinganiselweyo. Lilonke, imirhumo yase-US-China iyakuchaphazela kancinci ubonelelo lwe-PX kodwa inokucinezela ngokungangqalanga kwelaphu elisezantsi kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe.

I-US "irhafu yokubuyiselana" iya kuqala ukuseka urhwebo lwehlabathi jikelele lwee-hydrocarbons ezinevumba elimnandi kunokuphazamisa ngokuthe ngqo urhwebo lwase-China-US. Imingcipheko engundoqo iquka ukubonelelwa ngokugqithisileyo kwiimarike zase-Asiya, ukhuphiswano olwandisiweyo lweendawo zokuthumela ngaphandle, kunye noxinzelelo olusuka kumazantsi amaxabiso anyusiweyo kwimpahla egqityiweyo (umz., izixhobo zombane, iimpahla ezilukiweyo). Ushishino lwaseTshayina olunevumba elimnandi kufuneka lujonge amakhonkco onikezelo olukwalathiswe ngokutsha kwaye luqhelane nokutshintsha kweepateni zemfuno yehlabathi.