I-acetic acididla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-ACOH, ebizwa emva kokuba sisithako esiyintloko seviniga, kwaye yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zamafutha acids. Indlela yasimahla yendalo isebenza ngokwezityalo ezininzi. I-Molecular Ch3cooh. Ukufuya kunye nokusetyenziswa kweviniga kwimbali yamawaka eminyaka. KwiTshayina yakudala, irekhodiwe kwiviniga. Kodwa i-acetic ye-acetic occetic acid yincwadi yekhemikhali ephumeleleyo ephuhliswe nge-1700. I-Acetic Acid ingenabala kwaye inencasa ecaphukisayo. Inqaku lokunyibilika liyi-16.6 ° 8 ° 8, inqaku lokubila liyi-117.9 ° C, kunye nokuxinana kwesihlobo yi-1.049 (20/4 ° C). Inyibilikiswe emanzini, ethanol, i-ethanol, i-ether kunye nekhabhoni ye-carbon; I-infloble kwikhabhonide. Iikhilokiti -fw -free aquitic ze-aquitic zidibene emkhenkceni -share, ezihlala zaziwa njenge-icetic acid. Phawula. Ibuthathaka kwaye i-organic acid, i-acidicity ye-acid, kwaye inokubangela ukwenziwa kwetyala ngotywala.
Iipropathi zeekhemikhali:I-acetic acid(ACOH) yi-monobo ye-cabyboxylicy acid. Inemigangatho yeempawu ze-carboxyylic acids. Inika ingxelo ngentsimbi ethile, i-oxidee yentsimbi kunye ne-hydroxides ukuya kwi-SALTS. Uninzi lwee-accetiki zisebenzisa izinto ezibalulekileyo. I-Acetate esisiseko [FE (F2H3OOO) 6UHI (OOCCH3) 2] kwaye [OH) (OOCCH3)] kwaye i-OOCCH3)] kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuprinta. I-acetic acid kunye notywala babuhlutha. Ukukhutshwa kunokwenziwa nge-hydrocarbon engaphantsi kwe-hydrocarbon phantsi kwesenzo sokuthatha i-catalyst. I-alpha-hydrogen inokutshintshwa ii-halogens; Kunye ne-formaldehyde phantsi kwesenzo sokuthatha i-catalyst, kwincwadi yekheminyi lemichiza ye-aldehyhhyd ye-AldehyDe; Xa i-nitric acid ihlawulwe kwi-acetic acid, amanqanaba okubiza anokuphuculwa. Ukuphendula nge-benzoyl chloride, i-acetyl chloride kunye ne-benzic acid inokusekwa. I-acetic acid inokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo, ezinjengeeMthyl Acetate, eTyl Ester, i-Ethyl Ester, i-propyl 4, yindawo ebalaseleyo kwishishini lokuqesha kunye nepeyinti. I-Seletase Acetate, iveliswe kukunxibelelana kwe-acetic andddride kwaye isellulose, inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ifilimu, ipeyinti yokutshiza kunye neplastiki ezahlukeneyo. I-Carboxymethyl Selelose inokulungiswa nge-chlorocetic acid. I-vinyl ye-vinyl iveliswe yi-acetic acid kwaye i-acetynene yinto ebalulekileyo ye-synthes yeziyobisi, i-DYE kunye neziqholo, kunye nesimo esibalulekileyo sonyango lwerabha. I-acetic acid idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso kunye ne-orntac synthesis.
Ifildi yesicelo
Ukusetyenziswa kweMizi-mveliso
1. I-acetic acidyimveliso enkulu yemichiza kwaye yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-acids. Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-Iresine, i-Ethyls kunye ne-Ebetate. I-Polyitate Ethyl E-Ethyl Ethyl ingenziwa kwifilimu kwaye inamathele, kwaye ikwasisixhobo esingaphantsi kwe-faid ye-fiber ye-fiber. I-Ethyy Acetic Acid Seleclose inokwenza iifilimu ze-silk kunye neefilimu zefilimu.
I-2. I-Ethyl Acetate eyenziwe ngotywala esezantsi yinyibilikisileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumzi mveliso wepeyinti. Kungenxa yokuba uninzi lwezinto eziphilayo ezichitha i-acetic acid, i-acetic acid ikwasetyenziswa ngokufuthi (umzekelo, ukuveliswa kwe-pheny acid acid acid).
I-3. I-acetic acid inokusetyenziswa kwizisombululo ezikhethiweyo nezingafunekiyo, njenge-buffer (njenge-gasvaning kunye ne-inickel ye-acid ebuthathaka ye-acid i-acid i-enckel-i-enckell eqaqambileyo, kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chinc kunye ne-chincla i Isisombululo sinokuphucula amandla okubopha ifilimu ebhaliweyo kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukulawula i-PH ye-acidic ebuthathaka.
4. Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ityiwa yentsimbi, enjengeManganese, isodium, i-Aluminium, i-zinc kunye nenye imizinge, i-Diyec Isikhokelo se-oneticic acid yindawo ye-orgacic ye-orntic (njenge-tutraitic acid inokuthi isetyenziswe njenge-oxidant ye-oxidant, umthombo we-acetyl oxygen, kwaye ilungiselela imilinganiselo ye-acetyl, kwaye ilungiselela imibala ye-acetyl, kwaye ilungiselela i-organic complets complets, njl.).
I-5. I-Acetic Acid inokusetyenziswa njengokuhlalutya irejista, i-orntac synthesis, i-piglimes kunye ne-synthesis synthesis.
Ukusetyenziswa kokutya
Kwishishini lokutya,I-acetic acidisetyenziswa njengearhente ye-accoud. Xa iarhente yevumba elimnandi kunye nesipili isetyenziselwa ukwenza idiliya ye-syctihear, i-acetic acid ichithwe kwi-4-5%, kwaye kongezwa iincasa ezahlukeneyo. Ixabiso eliphantsi. Njengearhente-ye-acid-i-acid, inokusetyenziselwa amaxesha okuzonwabisa. Kukulungele ukusebenzisa iviniga, ii-cans, jelly kunye netshizi. Unokubhala kwakhona iiarhente zenkomfa nge-0,1 ~ 0.3 g / kg.
Ukugcina kunye nokuhamba
Amanyathelo okugcina: Ivenkile kwindawo epholileyo yendawo epholileyo. Hlala kude nomlilo nobushushu. Ebusika, amaqondo obushushu egciniweyo kufuneka agcinwe ngaphezulu kwe-16 ℃ ukukhusela iZongezelelo. Gcina isitya esitywiniweyo. Ifanele igcinwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwi-oxidant kunye ne-alkali, kwaye akufuneki idityaniswe. Ukuqhushumba Sukusebenzisa izixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezinokuthathela ingqalelo kwi-spark. Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotywe ngezixhobo zokunyanga ezingxamisekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.
Izilumkiso zezothutho: Le mveliso iya kuthunyelwa ziimoto ze-aluminium ezibonelelwa ngamashishini alaminum ngexesha lokuhamba kukaloliwe, kwaye ukuvunywa kwamasebe afanelekileyo kuya kuxelwa ngaphambi kokuba kuthunyelwe ngaphambi kokuhambisa. Izothutho kaloliwe ezingapheliyo ziya kuqhutywa ngokungqongqo ngokungqinelana noluhlu lweempahla eziyingozi kwimithetho "yokuhamba eyingozi yempahla" yobulungiseleli oololiwe. Ukupakisha kufuneka kugqitywe kwaye umthwalo kufuneka ukhuseleke. Ngexesha lokuhamba, qinisekisa ukuba isikhongozeli asindivuyi, ukuwa, ukuwa okanye ukonakala. I-quim (itanki) isetyenziswa kwizothutho kufuneka ibe ne-chain eqingqiweyo, kwaye isahlulelo semingxunya sinokulungiswa emkhombeni ukuze kuncitshiswe umbane owenziwe nguShock. Kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuxuba i-oxidant, ialkali kunye nekhemisi. Izithuthi zendlela kufuneka zilandele indlela emiselweyo, musa ukuhlala kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo ezinabemi abaninzi.
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